Journal of Medical and Clinical Science Research

Abstract: This article aims to present the geopolitical and public health implications of GLP-1 RAs usage in the treatment of diabetes and obesity, with recmmendable strategies whereby access can be achieved equitably. Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are medications which mimic the natural gut hormone GLP-1. These medications lower blood sugar, retard stomach emptying, and target the brain to enhance fullness feelings. These impacts extremely diminish appetite, culminating in pronounced weight dissipation with improved cardiac and renal health. The dual GLP-1/GIP agonist tirzepatide achieves better outcomes reaching approximately 22.5% weight decrement. In addition to weight dissipation, these agents offer significant cardiovascular advantages including 14% decrement in principal severe cardiovascular events and prominent benefits in cardiac failure outcomes. The four main GLP-1 agents are Dulaglutide (Trulicity) Exenatide (Bydureon) Liraglutide (Victoza or Saxenda) Semaglutide (Ozempic or Wegovy). Public health tends to augment the well-being of diverse communities via disease surveillance, health education, preventive medicine, research, and policy development. The objective of public health is usually to promote and demonstrate wellness and prevent injury and disease as well as impede premature morbidity and mortality. The WHO guideline tends to offer directives for usage of GLP-1–based pharmacotherapies in adults having obesity, determine research and implementation lacunae. GLP-1 therapy must not substitute for obesity prevention, though. A small GLP-1 implant constitutes the recent prospect to aid patients sustain weight loss. The accessibility or availability of GLP-1 medications ought to stimulate the global community to construct an equitable, integrated, and sustainable obesity ecosystem. A vast majority of payers will cover GLP-1s for the treatment of type 2 diabetes and are elevating coverage for other FDA-approved indications, for instance, sleep and cardiovascular health. Budgets and prevention policies need to be safeguarded in accordance with the expansive spread of GLP-1 weight loss medications. The article highlights the socioeconomic factors affecting availability and access to GLP-1 therapies and the ethical invariance of not prioritizing pharmaceutical interventions beyond systemic health progress, thus, preventing medicinal monopolies and their influence on health equity. The multisectoral considerations of this work inarticle is pertinent, offering insights to bridge the gap between public health, pharmacognosy, pharmaceutical and geopolitics as well as the scalability of GLP-1 RAs expansive potential. In sum, this review provides a significant analysis capable of guiding future research and policy formulation, with contributions at the intersection of clinical advancement, health policy, and international public health, paving trajectories for sustainable and equitable healthcare solutions, opportunities and priorities in an increasingly interconnected global ambient.

Abstract: This article base on SCARE standards. Perforated gastric ulcer (PGU) is exceedingly uncommon in children. In a child with acute abdomen and Pneumoperitoneum, an appendicular etiology is more often suspects as a likely cause. Failure or delay to diagnose a PGU can result in significant morbidity and even mortality. We report a 5 years old male with abdominal pain for2 days with PGU. We do examination, and we find generalized abdominal pain and perform Laparotomy and we find perforated gastric ulcer and repair with Omental patch. PGU is an uncommon cause of peritonitis in children and poses significant challenges in management. Strong suspicion and prompt appropriate intervention is necessary to avoid untoward outcomes. Researchers conclude that GOO secondary to ulceration can occur in the absence of H. pylori infection. PPU is a rare cause of abdominal pain in children, but still a PUD complication that requires surgery. PPU should be included in the differential diagnosis in patients presenting with acute abdominal pain of uncertain etiology and pneumoperitoneum. Laparoscopy is both diagnostic and therapeutic. Laparoscopic omental patch repair is a safe and effective treatment for PPUs. This case illustrate that perforated peptic ulcers should be considered in children presenting with acute abdomen.

Abstract: IntroductionTotal joint arthroplasty (TJA), including total knee arthroplasty (TKA) and total hip arthroplasty (THA), are among the most successful surgical interventions for relieving pain and restoring function in patients with advanced osteoarthritis and other end-stage degenerative joint diseases. As the demand for primary and revision total joint arthroplasty (TJA) continues to increase worldwide, optimizing perioperative recovery while minimizing complications has become an essential component of contemporary orthopaedic practice.